Wednesday, August 10, 2011

Buy-Sell Agreements for Pharmacy Owners in Montana

By Brad MacLiver
Authorship and profile at Google


When a MT pharmacy is owned by at least two people, the stockholders or partners should have what's known as a Buy-Sell Agreement. This agreement is a written document that specifies the procedures for and governs the future sale of the pharmacy business.
               
The pharmacy buy-sell Agreement in Montana protects the interest of the parties who own the pharmacy and specifies the actions triggered by a stockholder leaving the business due to their death, disability, dissolution, retirement, or divorce.  It governs how and when shares of the pharmacy business can be transferred or sold and it also provides guidance as to how the pharmacy will be valued.  It also outlines the obligations of the remaining shareholders of the Montana pharmacy.

These agreements are important because the elements of a future sell will be predetermined and there will be no need for negotiation during a heated dispute or grieving period. It provides a level of comfort and assurance that the process was thoroughly planned to both the stockholder and the family when the inevitable time comes for an exit strategy.

There are disadvantages to not having a buy-sell agreement between pharmacy owners.  A disability potentially leaves one partner working more while another is not adding any productivity.  In the case of a death and there is no agreement, one partner may be stuck with a non-productive heir, or a new partner may be inserted who has a conflicting personality with the remaining partner.  An incompatible partner could be disastrous for the pharmacy business in MT.

Buy-sell agreements come in several forms, such as: Entity Buy-Sell Agreement, Cross-Purchase Buy-Sell Agreement, Wait and See Buy-Sell Agreement, Disability Buy-Sell Agreement. Buy-sell agreements are also known as a Business Will or a Buyout Agreement.

Potential elements of a Montana Buy-Sell Agreement:
1. Stockholders names and the number of shares and voting rights of each. 
2. Guidance for the certified MT pharmacy valuation and purchase of a stockholder’s shares.
3. Mutual covenants and considerations.
4. Restrictions on transferring, purchasing or encumbering the company’s stock.
5. Protocol in the event of a shareholder’s divorce or termination of a shareholders employment.
6. Obligation to buy/sell shares from an estate.
7. Purchase of insurance to ensure ability to meet obligations.
8. Purchase of stock paid in lump sum or by installments.
9. Remedies for breach of the agreement or default of payment.
10. Until transfer is complete the right to inspect books and records.
11. Amendments and notices for offers or legal matters.
12. Enforceability of the agreement, the binding effects, and arbitration procedures for disputes.
13. Process for dissolution, or liquidation, of the corporation.
14. Maintaining the premises during a transition.
15. Preserving representations and warranties.
16. The terms of transfer.
17. Bill of Sale.

To ensure that the money required is available, buy-sell agreements are often funded with a life insurance policy. Should the death of one of Montana pharmacy owners occur, the life insurance settlement will provide the funds for the remaining pharmacy owner to buyout the partners shares from the estate.

Life insurance coverage for each partner needs to be in place, because without a way to accomplish the purchase of the Montana pharmacy shares the buy-sell agreement will not be functional. As the business grows and develops the amount of insurance need to be adjusted to provide an adequate coverage. Without the insurance the surviving stockholder may not have enough cash to satisfy the amount required to buy out the estate - leaving the survivor with an unwanted partner.

To have the adequate insurance coverage and to determine the specifics of the buy-out terms, a certified pharmacy business valuation is needed in Montana. There are a large number of companies that provide business valuations. Due to the dynamics and current market conditions of the pharmacy industry a valuation firm should have extensive Montana pharmacy experience. Simple accounting formulas and multipliers will not provide an adequate, or realistic, valuation for a MT pharmacy business.

Pharmacy buy-sell agreements are extremely important documents that need to be completed with seriousness and care. Even with a long standing partnership, it is only too late to create a buy-sell agreement when an event has already occurred....that would require the document.

Tips:
1. Buy-Sell Agreements are critical documents that should not be taken lightly. Consult a licensed professional.
2. Documents must address the proper laws and regulations which vary from state to state. Seek the proper guidance.
3. Premiums for insurance that will fund the buy-sell agreement might be deductible.
4. Ensure that the Montana pharmacy valuation is performed by an established MT pharmacy industry expert.